Peningkatan Kadar Irisin Setelah 8 Minggu Latihan Resisten Intensitas Sedang Pada Wanita Obesitas
Keywords:
Irisin, latihan resisten, obesitas, metabolisme, sindrom metabolik
Abstract
Masalah: Saat ini obesitas telah menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan global dengan tingkat prevalensi yang terus mengalami peningkatan di seluruh dunia. Latihan ditenggarai memiliki efek positif dalam meningkatkan sekresi irisin yang dapat berperan dalam mengatur oksidasi lemak dan memperbaiki gangguan metabolisme.
Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek latihan resisten intensitas sedang terhadap peningkatan kadar irisin pada wanita obesitas.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Sebanyak 16 wanita obesitas, berusia 20-25 tahun ikut tergabung dalam penelitian yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (K1; n = 8), kelompok latihan resisten (K2; n = 8). Latihan dilakukan dengan intensitas sedang (60-70% 1-RM), 4 set, 12 repetisi, durasi 45 menit, frekuensi 3x/minggu selama 8 minggu. Kadar irisin diukur pretest dan posttest menggunakan metode ELISA Kit. Uji Paired Sample T-Test digunakan untuk menganalisis data dengan taraf signifikansi 5%.
Hasil: Hasil analisis kadar irisin antara pretest dengan posttest pada K1 (0.91±1.02 vs. 0.94±1.31 ng/mL; p=0.961), dan K2 (1.09±1.61 vs. 5.22±3.29 ng/mL; p=0.035).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa latihan resisten yang dilakukan selama 8 minggu memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan kadar irisin pada wanita obesitas.
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References
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Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., Kajimura, S., Zingaretti, M. C., Vind, B. F., Tu, H., Cinti, S., Højlund, K., Gygi, S. P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2012). A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481(7382), 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777.
Daskalopoulou, S. S., Cooke, A. B., Gomez, Y. H., Mutter, A. F., Filippaios, A., Mesfum, E. T., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2014). Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. European journal of endocrinology, 171(3), 343–352. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0204.
Du, X. L., Jiang, W. X., & Lv, Z. T. (2016). Lower Circulating Irisin Level in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 48(10), 644–652. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108730.
Fatouros I. G. (2018). Is irisin the new player in exercise-induced adaptations or not? A 2017 update. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, 56(4), 525–548. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0674.
GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators, Afshin, A., Forouzanfar, M. H., Reitsma, M. B., Sur, P., Estep, K., Lee, A., Marczak, L., Mokdad, A. H., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Naghavi, M., Salama, J. S., Vos, T., Abate, K. H., Abbafati, C., Ahmed, M. B., Al-Aly, Z., Alkerwi, A., Al-Raddadi, R., Amare, A. T., et al. (2017). Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. The New England journal of medicine, 377(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1614362.
Houti, L., Hamani-Medjaoui, I., Lardjam-Hetraf, S. A., Ouhaibi-Djellouli, H., Chougrani, S., Goumidi, L., & Mediene-Benchekor, S. (2016). Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Related Risk Factors in the City of Oran, Algeria: the ISOR Study. Ethnicity & disease, 26(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.1.99.
Huh, J. Y., Panagiotou, G., Mougios, V., Brinkoetter, M., Vamvini, M. T., Schneider, B. E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2012). FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 61(12), 1725–1738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002.
Huh, J. Y., Siopi, A., Mougios, V., Park, K. H., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2015). Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 100(3), E453–E457. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-2416.
Iodice, P., Trecroci, A., Dian, D., Proietti, G., Alberti, G., & Formenti, D. (2020). Slow-Speed Resistance Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties and Power Production Capacity in Elite Futsal Players. Frontiers in sports and active living, 2, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.00008.
Jiang, S. Z., Lu, W., Zong, X. F., Ruan, H. Y., & Liu, Y. (2016). Obesity and hypertension. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 12(4), 2395–2399. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3667.
Kelly, T., Yang, W., Chen, C. S., Reynolds, K., & He, J. (2008). Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. International journal of obesity (2005), 32(9), 1431–1437. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.102.
Kim, H. J., Lee, H. J., So, B., Son, J. S., Yoon, D., & Song, W. (2016). Effect of aerobic training and resistance training on circulating irisin level and their association with change of body composition in overweight/obese adults: a pilot study. Physiological research, 65(2), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.932997.
Kim, H. J., So, B., Choi, M., Kang, D., & Song, W. (2015). Resistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans. Experimental gerontology, 70, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.006.
Lee, P., Smith, S., Linderman, J., Courville, A. B., Brychta, R. J., Dieckmann, W., Werner, C. D., Chen, K. Y., & Celi, F. S. (2014). Temperature-acclimated brown adipose tissue modulates insulin sensitivity in humans. Diabetes, 63(11), 3686–3698. https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-0513.
Maalouf, G. E., & El Khoury, D. (2019). Exercise-Induced Irisin, the Fat Browning Myokine, as a Potential Anticancer Agent. Journal of obesity, 2019, 6561726. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6561726.
Merawati, D., Sugiharto, S., Pranoto, A., Andiana, O., & Angga, P. D. (2022). The comparison of the effect of acute moderate and high-intensity exercise on the uncoupling protein -1 secretion. Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 8(2), 201 - 216. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v8i2.17674.
Merawati, D., Sugiharto, Susanto, H., Taufiq, A., Pranoto, A., Amelia, D., & Rejeki, P. S. (2023). Dynamic of irisin secretion change after moderate-intensity chronic physical exercise on obese female. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology, 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0041. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0041.
Miyamoto-Mikami, E., Sato, K., Kurihara, T., Hasegawa, N., Fujie, S., Fujita, S., Sanada, K., Hamaoka, T., Tabata, I., & Iemitsu, M. (2015). Endurance training-induced increase in circulating irisin levels is associated with reduction of abdominal visceral fat in middle-aged and older adults. PloS one, 10(3), e0120354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120354.
Paley, C. A., & Johnson, M. I. (2018). Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome: exercise as medicine?. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 10, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-018-0097-1.
Perakakis, N., Triantafyllou, G. A., Fernández-Real, J. M., Huh, J. Y., Park, K. H., Seufert, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2017). Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 13(6), 324–337. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.221.
Pranoto, A., Cahyono, M. B. A., Yakobus, R., Izzatunnisa, N., Ramadhan, R. N., Rejeki, P. S., Miftahussurur, M., Effendi, W. I., Wungu, C. D. K., & Yamaoka, Y. (2023). Long-Term Resistance-Endurance Combined Training Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Young Adult Females with Obesity. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 11(3), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11030054.
Qiu, S., Cai, X., Sun, Z., Schumann, U., Zügel, M., & Steinacker, J. M. (2015). Chronic Exercise Training and Circulating Irisin in Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 45(11), 1577–1588. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0293-4.
Rejeki, P.S., Pranoto, A., Prasetya, R.E., & Sugiharto. (2021). Irisin serum increasing pattern is higher at moderate-intensity continuous exercise than at moderate-intensity interval exercise in obese females. Comparative Exercise Physiology,17(5), 475–484. https://doi.org/10.3920/CEP200050.
Rejeki, P. S., Pranoto, A., Rahmanto, I., Izzatunnisa, N., Yosika, G. F., Hernaningsih, Y., Wungu, C. D. K., & Halim, S. (2023). The Positive Effect of Four-Week Combined Aerobic-Resistance Training on Body Composition and Adipokine Levels in Obese Females. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 11(4), 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11040090.
Sugiharto, S., Merawati, D., Susanto, H., Pranoto, A., & Taufiq, A. (2022). The exercise-instrumental music program and irisin levels in younger non-professional athletes. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 18(1), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.3920/CEP210015.
Szumilewicz, A., Dornowski, M., Piernicka, M., Worska, A., Kuchta, A., Kortas, J., Błudnicka, M., Radzimiński, Ł., & Jastrzębski, Z. (2019). High-Low Impact Exercise Program Including Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Improves Pelvic Floor Muscle Function in Healthy Pregnant Women - A Randomized Control Trial. Frontiers in physiology, 9, 1867. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01867.
Tanisawa, K., Taniguchi, H., Sun, X., Ito, T., Cao, Z. B., Sakamoto, S., & Higuchi, M. (2014). Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FNDC5 gene are associated with glucose metabolism but do not affect serum irisin levels in Japanese men with low fitness levels. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 63(4), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2014.01.005.
Tine Kartinah, N., Rosalyn Sianipar, I., Nafi'ah, & Rabia (2018). The Effects of Exercise Regimens on Irisin Levels in Obese Rats Model: Comparing High-Intensity Intermittent with Continuous Moderate-Intensity Training. BioMed research international, 2018, 4708287. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4708287.
Tsuchiya, Y., Ando, D., Takamatsu, K., & Goto, K. (2015). Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 64(9), 1042–1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.05.010.
Wang, K., Song, F., Xu, K., Liu, Z., Han, S., Li, F., & Sun, Y. (2019). Irisin Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Prevents the Memory and Cognitive Deterioration in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Mediators of inflammation, 2019, 1567179. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1567179.
Wrann C. D. (2015). FNDC5/irisin - their role in the nervous system and as a mediator for beneficial effects of exercise on the brain. Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 1(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-150019.
Zhao, J., Su, Z., Qu, C., & Dong, Y. (2017). Effects of 12 Weeks Resistance Training on Serum Irisin in Older Male Adults. Frontiers in physiology, 8, 171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00171.
Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., Kajimura, S., Zingaretti, M. C., Vind, B. F., Tu, H., Cinti, S., Højlund, K., Gygi, S. P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2012). A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481(7382), 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777.
Daskalopoulou, S. S., Cooke, A. B., Gomez, Y. H., Mutter, A. F., Filippaios, A., Mesfum, E. T., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2014). Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. European journal of endocrinology, 171(3), 343–352. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0204.
Du, X. L., Jiang, W. X., & Lv, Z. T. (2016). Lower Circulating Irisin Level in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 48(10), 644–652. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108730.
Fatouros I. G. (2018). Is irisin the new player in exercise-induced adaptations or not? A 2017 update. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, 56(4), 525–548. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0674.
GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators, Afshin, A., Forouzanfar, M. H., Reitsma, M. B., Sur, P., Estep, K., Lee, A., Marczak, L., Mokdad, A. H., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Naghavi, M., Salama, J. S., Vos, T., Abate, K. H., Abbafati, C., Ahmed, M. B., Al-Aly, Z., Alkerwi, A., Al-Raddadi, R., Amare, A. T., et al. (2017). Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. The New England journal of medicine, 377(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1614362.
Houti, L., Hamani-Medjaoui, I., Lardjam-Hetraf, S. A., Ouhaibi-Djellouli, H., Chougrani, S., Goumidi, L., & Mediene-Benchekor, S. (2016). Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Related Risk Factors in the City of Oran, Algeria: the ISOR Study. Ethnicity & disease, 26(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.1.99.
Huh, J. Y., Panagiotou, G., Mougios, V., Brinkoetter, M., Vamvini, M. T., Schneider, B. E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2012). FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 61(12), 1725–1738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002.
Huh, J. Y., Siopi, A., Mougios, V., Park, K. H., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2015). Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 100(3), E453–E457. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-2416.
Iodice, P., Trecroci, A., Dian, D., Proietti, G., Alberti, G., & Formenti, D. (2020). Slow-Speed Resistance Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties and Power Production Capacity in Elite Futsal Players. Frontiers in sports and active living, 2, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.00008.
Jiang, S. Z., Lu, W., Zong, X. F., Ruan, H. Y., & Liu, Y. (2016). Obesity and hypertension. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 12(4), 2395–2399. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3667.
Kelly, T., Yang, W., Chen, C. S., Reynolds, K., & He, J. (2008). Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. International journal of obesity (2005), 32(9), 1431–1437. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.102.
Kim, H. J., Lee, H. J., So, B., Son, J. S., Yoon, D., & Song, W. (2016). Effect of aerobic training and resistance training on circulating irisin level and their association with change of body composition in overweight/obese adults: a pilot study. Physiological research, 65(2), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.932997.
Kim, H. J., So, B., Choi, M., Kang, D., & Song, W. (2015). Resistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans. Experimental gerontology, 70, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.006.
Lee, P., Smith, S., Linderman, J., Courville, A. B., Brychta, R. J., Dieckmann, W., Werner, C. D., Chen, K. Y., & Celi, F. S. (2014). Temperature-acclimated brown adipose tissue modulates insulin sensitivity in humans. Diabetes, 63(11), 3686–3698. https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-0513.
Maalouf, G. E., & El Khoury, D. (2019). Exercise-Induced Irisin, the Fat Browning Myokine, as a Potential Anticancer Agent. Journal of obesity, 2019, 6561726. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6561726.
Merawati, D., Sugiharto, S., Pranoto, A., Andiana, O., & Angga, P. D. (2022). The comparison of the effect of acute moderate and high-intensity exercise on the uncoupling protein -1 secretion. Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 8(2), 201 - 216. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v8i2.17674.
Merawati, D., Sugiharto, Susanto, H., Taufiq, A., Pranoto, A., Amelia, D., & Rejeki, P. S. (2023). Dynamic of irisin secretion change after moderate-intensity chronic physical exercise on obese female. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology, 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0041. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0041.
Miyamoto-Mikami, E., Sato, K., Kurihara, T., Hasegawa, N., Fujie, S., Fujita, S., Sanada, K., Hamaoka, T., Tabata, I., & Iemitsu, M. (2015). Endurance training-induced increase in circulating irisin levels is associated with reduction of abdominal visceral fat in middle-aged and older adults. PloS one, 10(3), e0120354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120354.
Paley, C. A., & Johnson, M. I. (2018). Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome: exercise as medicine?. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 10, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-018-0097-1.
Perakakis, N., Triantafyllou, G. A., Fernández-Real, J. M., Huh, J. Y., Park, K. H., Seufert, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2017). Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 13(6), 324–337. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.221.
Pranoto, A., Cahyono, M. B. A., Yakobus, R., Izzatunnisa, N., Ramadhan, R. N., Rejeki, P. S., Miftahussurur, M., Effendi, W. I., Wungu, C. D. K., & Yamaoka, Y. (2023). Long-Term Resistance-Endurance Combined Training Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Young Adult Females with Obesity. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 11(3), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11030054.
Qiu, S., Cai, X., Sun, Z., Schumann, U., Zügel, M., & Steinacker, J. M. (2015). Chronic Exercise Training and Circulating Irisin in Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 45(11), 1577–1588. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0293-4.
Rejeki, P.S., Pranoto, A., Prasetya, R.E., & Sugiharto. (2021). Irisin serum increasing pattern is higher at moderate-intensity continuous exercise than at moderate-intensity interval exercise in obese females. Comparative Exercise Physiology,17(5), 475–484. https://doi.org/10.3920/CEP200050.
Rejeki, P. S., Pranoto, A., Rahmanto, I., Izzatunnisa, N., Yosika, G. F., Hernaningsih, Y., Wungu, C. D. K., & Halim, S. (2023). The Positive Effect of Four-Week Combined Aerobic-Resistance Training on Body Composition and Adipokine Levels in Obese Females. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 11(4), 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11040090.
Sugiharto, S., Merawati, D., Susanto, H., Pranoto, A., & Taufiq, A. (2022). The exercise-instrumental music program and irisin levels in younger non-professional athletes. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 18(1), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.3920/CEP210015.
Szumilewicz, A., Dornowski, M., Piernicka, M., Worska, A., Kuchta, A., Kortas, J., Błudnicka, M., Radzimiński, Ł., & Jastrzębski, Z. (2019). High-Low Impact Exercise Program Including Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Improves Pelvic Floor Muscle Function in Healthy Pregnant Women - A Randomized Control Trial. Frontiers in physiology, 9, 1867. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01867.
Tanisawa, K., Taniguchi, H., Sun, X., Ito, T., Cao, Z. B., Sakamoto, S., & Higuchi, M. (2014). Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FNDC5 gene are associated with glucose metabolism but do not affect serum irisin levels in Japanese men with low fitness levels. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 63(4), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2014.01.005.
Tine Kartinah, N., Rosalyn Sianipar, I., Nafi'ah, & Rabia (2018). The Effects of Exercise Regimens on Irisin Levels in Obese Rats Model: Comparing High-Intensity Intermittent with Continuous Moderate-Intensity Training. BioMed research international, 2018, 4708287. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4708287.
Tsuchiya, Y., Ando, D., Takamatsu, K., & Goto, K. (2015). Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 64(9), 1042–1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.05.010.
Wang, K., Song, F., Xu, K., Liu, Z., Han, S., Li, F., & Sun, Y. (2019). Irisin Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Prevents the Memory and Cognitive Deterioration in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Mediators of inflammation, 2019, 1567179. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1567179.
Wrann C. D. (2015). FNDC5/irisin - their role in the nervous system and as a mediator for beneficial effects of exercise on the brain. Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 1(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-150019.
Zhao, J., Su, Z., Qu, C., & Dong, Y. (2017). Effects of 12 Weeks Resistance Training on Serum Irisin in Older Male Adults. Frontiers in physiology, 8, 171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00171.
Published
2023-06-01
How to Cite
Saputra, F., Merawati, D., & Sugiharto, S. (2023). Peningkatan Kadar Irisin Setelah 8 Minggu Latihan Resisten Intensitas Sedang Pada Wanita Obesitas. Jurnal Patriot, 5(2), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.24036/patriot.v5i2.966
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